Hose coupling



March l0, 1953 D. SPENDER ETAL 2,631,047

HOSE couPLING Filed Nov. 6, 1952 IO l l5 ni-2- IN NTORS DONAL .SPENDERGEORGE G, HOWARD ATTORN Patented Mar. 10, 1953 HosE ooUPL'ING Donald L.Spender, Wolcott, and George G. Howard, Waterbury, Conn., assignors toScovill Manufacturing Company, Waterbury, vConn.a corporation ofConnecticut Continuation of application rSerial No. 36,308,

July 1, 1948. This applicationNovember 6, 1952, Serial No. 319,032

This invention relates to a hose coupling that is Ibest adapted for usein connection with flexible garden hose.

'Ihe application is a continuation of our application, Serial No.36,308, led July 1, 1948, and which is now abandoned. l

This coupling relates particularly to that type of coupling having asheet metal ferrule continuously surrounding the end portion of a hoseand an internal sheet metal nipple expanded outwardly to compress thehose material against the ferrule.

Such ferrules heretofore have had a flat end wall positioned more orless at right angles to 4 Claims. (Cl. 285-84) In Figs. 1 and 2 of thedrawing we have shown themale member of a hose coupling and the ferruleemployed in conjunction therewith in assemblage with the end of a rubberhose. 1n said views, I diagrammatically illustrates one end portion of arubber hose, with which the male member II is adapted to be coupled. Themale member II is initially formed as seen in Fig. 1, to provide athreaded plug end I2 with an integral nipple portion I3 which joins theplug end I2 in an annular connecting Wall or shoulder I4, perpendicularto the axis of the member II and a large rounded wall portion I5.

Extending from the wall Iii, the nipple I3 has the cylindrical wall ofthe ferrule, which flat wall an enlarged diameter portion IS, the insidediamhad a tendency to radially expand and distort eter of which iscommon to the inside diameter the adjacent end of the ferrule during thenipple of the 'hose I0. The nipple I3 has at its free end expandingoperation, and also one that was liable portion, an outwardly protrudingrounded part to be -biased out of its normal position when the I1 whichis adapted to fric-tionally pass into the coupling was subjected tosevere axial strains. bore I8 of the hose so as to frictionally hold theOne important object of this invention is to member II in the end of thehose .preparatory improve the end wall of the ferrule so as' to for'thefinal assemblage operation. Between the resist such outward biasing ofthe wall and prowall portions I6 and Il, the wall I9 of the nippleviding for a firm engagement with a rib or is of materially lessdiameter than the bore I8 shoulder on the expanded nipple to resistendof the hose, thus facilitating free attachment of wise separation ofthe coupling from the hose. the member II with the hose.

Another object of the invention is to provide In making the assemblageShown in Fig. 1 of an end wall construction of the ferrule which; thedrawing, a -ferrule 2G is rst mounted on will absorb the expandingaction of the nippleV the end of the hose. This ferrule has at one end,without distorting the adjacent end of the ferrule .30 an annular endWall portion ZI which is perradially outwardly. pendicular to or normalto Ithe axis of the hose,

lThe novel features of the invention will be and which joins the outerwall of the ferrule in best understood from the following ldescriptionsan outwardly axially extending annular beaded when taken together withlthe accompanying portion 22. In normally assembling the parts drawing,in which certain embodiments of the the protruding beaded portion 22 isadapted to invention are disclosed, and in which the sepa- "D be broughtinto rm engagement with the wall rate parts are designated by suitablereference I4 of the member II, and the end of the hose characters ineach of the Views, and in which: I0 is adapted to 'be forced over thewall portion Fig. 1 is a vertical'sectional View through a I6 in themanner clearly seen in Fig. 1 of the male type of hose coupling, madeaccording to 40 drawing. v As seen in Figs. l, 2 and 6, the ferru-le theinvention, with the parts assembled preparaalso has .a plurality ofcircumferentially spaced tory `for securing the coupling to the end ofthe openings 23V formed rin the wall thereof, which hose. openings mayrepresent a design or symbol of Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1,showing the any type or kind and are so arranged as to inparts fullyassembled and omitting part of the crease the gripping factor oftheferrule upon the construction. hose as will appear later.

Fig. 3 is a View similar to Fig. l, showing the In nally assembling theparts, the wall porinvention applied to a female type of hose coutionsI'I and I9 and part of the wall portions pling. I6 are expandedoutwardly to form three annu- Fig. 4 is a view similar Ito Fig. 3,showing the lar beads or rib projections 24, 25 and 2B, as seen partsfully assembled an-d with part of the con- D0 in Fig. 2 of the drawing.The wall I9 interstruction 'broken away. media-te the beads 24 and 25,25 and 26, is also Fig. 5 is a partial section on the line 5-5 ofexpanded, sothat these sections identied by Fig. 4; and the referencecharacters 2l and 28, in Fig. 2, have Fig. 6 is a partial section on theline 6 6 of 55 an inside diameter common with the inside diam- Fig. 2.

eter of the remaining porti-on -of the wall I5 and at least equal to orgreater than the inside diameter of the bore I8 of the hose. It will benoted that the center outwardly extended or beaded portion is disposedin alinement with the apertures 23-in theaferrule and asa result or theassemblage shown in Fig. 2, part of'the' hose I0 will be expanded intothe apertures 23, as seen g at 29, in Fig. 2 and Fig. 6 of the drawing.

It has been found in practice that the particu.-

lar shape of the end wall of the ferrule 2'0 in providing the roundedbead portion 222- joined?.

directly to the end of the ferrulegand'termina-t ing in an inner flatwall' portion 2'Iv increases.

considerably the strength of the coupling especoupling. Also where thenipple I3 joins the wall I4 of the plug end I2 there always. exists anunavoidable llet that heretofore kept the usual ferrule withperpendicular end flange from abutting solidly thereagainst.Accordingrtothis construction the beadY portion 22' is in solid: contactwith the shoulder Wall I4` andy the hole-in the annular wall portion 21can bemade-to have a closer t about the nipple' I3;

Another important feature of* the bead-22 and end wall I4 is that it canreadilyv absorb the expanding forces applied to' the nippleV I3' in thecoupling assembly operation and4 prevent the adjacent cylindricalr wallof the ferrule 2lil from being bulged outwardlyr of itsy normal contour:

In Figs. 3 and' 4 ofthe drawing; shown' at 3B. is the female member ofthe coupling; This member comprises a nut body 3'I having an inwardlyset annular. flange 32in connection with which is mounted' a nippleportion 33; The nipple portion 33, has an enlarged diameterzwall portion34, generally similar; to theI wall`portion I8. However, the. wallportion 34 terminates at its free end in a circumferential outwardlyex*- tending and inwardly oiset. flange 35, engaging the iiange 32 ofthenut to. prevent'outwarddis placement of the nut from the nipple; The'nut 3l is further held against displacement from the nipple by anoutwardly extending or expanded rib portion 36 of V-shapedcross-sectional form'. The rib 36" is sufficiently spaced fromn the angeto provide an annular chamber 3'Iwhich facilitates free rotation ofthenut`3I on the'nipple'.

The inner end of' the nipple 33 has an outwardly extending roundedannular bead. portion 38, similar to the portion I'I which providesiorthe frictional engagement ofjthenipple with a hose i3 or thev bore I8thereof. Between the wall portions 38 and 34, the nipple.33 hasasmalldiameter wall portion 39, similar. to theY wall portion I9. At 40 isshown al ferrule which is generally similar to the ferrule 2.0. In otherwords, it has a. perpendicular wall. portion. 4I, similar to the wall 2Iand anoutwardly rounded and axially projecting beadedportion 42,-similarto the portion 2.2. While the aperturedstruoture. similar to theapertures- 2.3 are applicable to the ferrule 43, in Figs. 3 and 4, theferrule, 40 is modi,- iied to the extent of show-ing inwardly.v pressedwall portions or indentations 43, which like. the apertures 23, may givepredetermined designor characterization. to, thet ferrule. Theseportions 43 will extend into and embed themselvesin the rubber hose` andwill also form keyingI meansy` for retaining the ferrule againstrotation onsthe hose.

In assembling the parts showninFigs. 3. and 4, the ferrule; 40 is rstmountedA on tlie-end of the hose III with the wallf portion.` 4IYabutting the. end of the-.hoseater which thefnipple33 4 of the member 30is frictionally passed into the bore I8 until the wall portion 4Istrikes the outwardly extending bead 36 and the end of the hose passesonto the wall portion 34, as illustratedin Fig. yE', of the drawing.Itiwill be understood that the bead 36, 'in addition to holding the Vnut3I against displacement from the nipple, also checks movement of theferrule in the direction of. the: nut so as to maintain clearancebetween the nut and ferrule for free rotation of the nut 3 I. Alfter.Lthe partsV have been assembled, as seen Fig.' 13, the walllportions ofthe nipple are now expanded`- to formN three circumferential outwardly"extending rounded beads or ribs 44, 45 and 46, the portionsV 4l and 48of the wall 33 being also. expanded so that the inside diameter of-saidportions 4l and 48 are substantially in alinement with the bore of theWall portion 34 and'the bore I8 of the hose It', thus providing fullvunobstructed now through the. hose, as with the construction as seen inFig. 2` of the drawing; The lannular enlargement' 45 isY positioned inalinement with the inwardly pressed portions 43'onf theY ferrule 4D1 soas to extend the hose into firm engagement with said pressed portions inretaining the ferrule. against rotation on the hose, as is clearlyillustrated' in Fig. 5 of the drawing.

By constructing the nipples I3 and 33 with the long section. of.reduced' diameter portions, as at I9" and 39, and providing the enlargedbeaded ends I'I and 38' thereof, relatively free or easy coupling ofthenipples with the end of the hose isi provided, while at the same time,establishing a iirm'frictional engagement therewith. In other Words, thericticnal engagement is minimized to the extent of. the enlargements I'Iand 38 to the wall portions I6`and 34",' the latter frictionalengagement is minimized to the extent of the enlargements I'I` and 3S.to the wall'portions I6 and' 34, the latter frictional. engagementoccurring at the end: of' the nal assemblage of the parts, as indicatedin Figs. l and 3. It will thus be apparent that by expanding the majorportion. of the nipplethat-is to say., the rounded enlargementaa'sat.24, 25 and 25, including the parts f 2.7' and 23 in Fig. 2 and thecomparable portions in Fig. 4', a rm-and secure gripping of the hose. isprovided'withinthe ferrule, the enlargements 2t` and' 45 being disposed4inwardly of' the inner end of the ferrules, as. will clearly appear froma consideration oi'Figs. 2 and 4 of the. drawing.

It. will. also beunderstood that by providing the keying means in theform of the openings 23, or inwardproiections43, means is provided to.securely retain the ierrules against rotation and the same means can-beapplied to both the male` and female couplings. In other words, onestandard construction would be employed by the manufacturer.

In: reerringthroughout the specication and claims to 1a house coupling.it will be understood that reference ishere made to flexible hose ortubular bodies of Yany type and kind'in conjunction with which couplingsof the kind under consideration canY be used. It is well known, thatflexiblev hoseY of the kind under consideration are composed of rubber,rubber fabrics, plastic, synthetic rubber/andV the. like. Asa matteroffact, the coupling in question can be utilized in conjunction with-anytype and kind or" tubing where the body or wall structure of the tube iscapable ofiiexure to the extent of` expansion of: the nipple, in themanner hereinbefore described.

We claim:

1. A hose coupling comprising an elongated tubular nipple adapted forinsertion into one end portion of a rubber hose, a cylindrical sheetmetal ferrule arranged on and continuously encircling said end of thehose and the tubular nipple therein. the ferrule at the end of the hosehaving a wall portion normal to the axis of the hose and an annularrounded bead portion extending axially outwardly With respect to saidnormal wall portion and merging smoothly into the cylindrical wall ofthe ferrule, the tubular nipple engaging the bore of the rubber hose byoutwardly expanded annular ribs at the ends and intermediate the ends ofsaid nipple, and said tubular nipple having a threaded coupling memberoutwardly of the hose and the ferrule, one of the tubular nipple annularribs positioned in contact with said ferrule end wall portion to locksaid ferrule against endwise movement relative to said tubular nipple.

2. A hose coupling as dened by claim 1 wherein said ferrule is formedwith irregularities intermediate its ends presenting relatively sharpshoulders, and one of said tubular nipple annular ribs being positionedin transverse alignment with said ferrule irregularities to force thehose material into engagement with said irregularities.

3. A hose coupling comprising an elongated tubular nipple adapted forinsertion into one end portion of a exible hose and an enlarged threadedportion integrally joined to said nipple by a connecting shoulder wall,a cylindrical sheet metal ferrule arranged on and continuouslyencircling said end of the hose and the nipple therein, the ferrule atthe end of the hose having a wall portion normal to the axis of the hoseand an annular rounded bead portion extending axially outwardly withrespect to said normal wall portion and merging smoothly into thecylindrical wall of said ferrule. the tubular nipple engaging the boreof the hose by outwardly expanded annular ribs at the ends andintermediate the ends of said nipple, one of said ribs being sopositioned as to contact the ferrule end wall portion and rmly abut theapex of said bead portion against said shoulder wall.

4. A hose coupling comprising an elongated tubular nipple adapted forinsertion into one end portion of a flexible hose, a cylindrical sheetmetal ferrule arranged and continuously encircling said end of the hoseand the nipple therein, the ferrule at the end of the hose having a wallportion normal to the of the hose and an annular rounded bead portionextending axially outwardly with respect to said normal wall portion andmerging smoothly into the cylindrical wall of said ferrule, a threadednut swivelly connected to said nipple at the same end Ias said ferrule,a circumferential rib formed outwardly of said nipple between said nutand said ferrule wall portion and so positioned as to maintain said beadportion in spaced relation to said nut, the tubular nipple engaging thebore of the hose by outwardly expanded annular ribs at the ends andintermediate the ends of said nipple, and one of said latter ribs beingso positioned as to contact the fer-rule end wall portion and anchor itagainst said rst mentioned rib.

DONALD L. SPENDER. GEORGE G. HOWARD.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,142,752 Howard Jan. 3, 19392,216,839 Hoirnan Oct. 8, 1940 2,228,018 Scholtes Jan. 7, 1941 2,338,666Nelson Jan. 4, 1944

